Laurel
p. 78: “What are you doing”: Ovid, Metamorphoses, translated by Martin, Il. 634-642, p. 34.
p. 78: “Your arrow, Phoebus”: Ibid., Il. 644 – 6.
p. 79: “You’ve no idea”: Ibid., Il. 710 – 14, p. 36.
p. 79: “His lyre”: Ibid., I. 772, p. 38.
p. 80: “Delos, sent by sea-oar”: Euripides, Hecuba, translated by, Karden & Street, ll. 455-465. https://www.didaskalia.net/issues/8/32/HecubaKardanStreet.pdf (accessed October 16, 2023).
p. 81: “Apollo had to be purified”: Aelian, Varia Historia, 3.1. https://topostext.org/work/220 (accessed September 12, 2023).
p. 81: “scholars speculated”: M. B. Ogle, “Laurel in Ancient Religion and Folk-Lore.” The American Journal of Philology, vol. 31, no. 3 (1910), pp. 287–311. https://www.jstor.org/stable/288655 (accessed September 4, 2023).
p. 81: “an inscription records”: Betty Spears, “A Perspective of the History of Women’s Sport in Ancient Greece.” Journal of Sport History, vol. 11, no. 2, 1984, pp. 32–47. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43609020 (accessed September 4, 2023). Also http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/sourceEN/D110EN.html (accessed October 16, 2023).
p. 81: “to protect against evil”: M. B. Ogle, “Laurel in Ancient Religion and Folk-Lore.” https://www.jstor.org/stable/288655 (accessed September 4, 2023).
p. 81: “laurel used to purify”: Pausanias, Description of Greece, Volume 1, translated by Peter Levi (London: Penguin Books Ltd., 1979), p. 206.
p. 81: “Come fresh-blooming”: Euripides, Ion, translated by Ronald F. Willets (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2013)ll. 112-5.
p. 81: “Theophrastus describes”: Theophrastus, Characters, “XVI Superstitiousness,” translated by J.M. Edmonds (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1929) p. 79.
p. 81: “Dioscorides recommends”: Dioscorides, De Materia Medica, “1-106”, translated by Osbaldeston, p. 106.
p. 81: “modern research has shown”: S. Batool, R.A. Khera, M.A. Hanif, M.A. Ayub. “Bay Leaf,” Medicinal Plants of South Asia. 2020:63–74. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7152419/ (accessed September 4, 2023).
p. 82: “built with laurel boughs”: Pausanias, Description of Greece, Volume 1, translated by Levi, p. 416.
p. 82: “either by Poseidon’s trident”: Herodotus, The History, translated by Grene, 7.129
p. 82: “or by Herakles”: M. Annaeus Lucanus, Pharsalius, fn 15. https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Luc.%206.345&lang=original#note-link4 (accessed September 4, 2023).
Plant Metamorphoses
Cypress
p. 85: “The cypress tree”: Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, 16.60http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D16%3Achapter%3D60#note-link6 (accessed February 21, 2024).
p. 85: “with cypress boughs”: Virgil, Aeneid, translated by Fitzgerald, III.91, p. 67.
p. 85: “commentaries on the Aeneid”: Servius commentary on The Aeneid, https://topostext.org/work/548, 3.680, 6.216, also Catherine Connors, “Seeing Cypresses in Virgil,” The Classical Journal vol. 88, No. 1 (Oct. – Nov. 1992), pp. 1-17, https://www.jstor.org/stable/3297739 (accessed February 12, 2024).
p. 85: “Pliny the Elder”: Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, 16.60 http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D16%3Achapter%3D60#note-link6 (accessed February 21, 2024).
Larkspur
p. 87: “and the larkspur”: Dioscorides De Materia Medica, “3-84”, translated by Osbaldeston, p. 461, 463, also “3-154”, p. 527.
Mint
p. 87: “Pliny the Elder recommends mint”: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D20%3Achapter%3D52 (accessed February 22, 2024).
p. 87: “Dioscorides says”: Dioscorides De Materia Medica, “3-41”, translated by Osbaldeston, p. 411.
p. 87: “high amounts of antioxidents”: Tafrihi M, Imran M, Tufail T, Gondal TA, Caruso G, Sharma S, Sharma R, Atanassova M, Atanassov L, Valere Tsouh Fokou P, Pezzani R. The Wonderful Activities of the Genus Mentha: Not Only Antioxidant Properties. Molecules. 2021 Feb 20;26(4):1118. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7923432/ (accessed February 22, 2024).
Reed
p. 88: “Transforming reed stems”: Robert E. Perdue, Jr. “Arundo Donax: Source of Musical Reeds and Industrial Cellulose.” Economic Botany 12, no. 4 (1958): 368–404. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4287997.
Mulberry
p. 90: “their warm breath”: Ovid, Metamorphoses, translated by Brookes More, 4.55-81. https://www.theoi.com/Text/OvidMetamorphoses4.html#2 (accessed September 7, 2023).
p. 91: “His spurting blood”: Ibid., 4.105-127, (accessed September 7, 2023).
Pine
p. 93: “In Fasti”: Ovid, Fasti, translated by A.S. Kline, Book 4, April 4, p. 114. https://www.poetryintranslation.com/klineasfasti.php (accessed September 8, 2023).
p. 93: “An alternate version”: Libanius, Progymnasmata, translated by Craig A. Gibson, (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2008) 1.4, 1.32.
p. 94: “Crowns of pine”: Oscar Broneer. “The Isthmian Victory Crown.” American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 66, no. 3, 1962, pp. 259–63. https://www.jstor.org/stable/501451 (accessed September 8, 2023).
p. 94: considered pine trees”: R. Drew Griffith. “Cannibal Demeter (Pind. Ol. 1.52) and the Thesmophoria Pigs.” The Classical Journal, vol. 111, no. 2, 2016, pp. 129–39. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5184/classicalj.111.2.0129 (accessed September 8, 2023).
p. 95: “Resin from different pines”: Bevan, Andrew. “Mediterranean Containerization.” Current Anthropology, vol. 55, no. 4, [The University of Chicago Press, Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research], 2014, pp. 387–418. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/677034 (accessed September 8, 2023).
p. 95: “Theophrastus describes”: Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants II, 9.2.1-3. Pp. 223-5.
p. 95: “Modern analysis”: Yannis Tzedakis, Holley Martlew, Martin K. Jones, ed., Archaeology Meets Science: Biomolecular Investigations in Bronze Age Greece, (Oxford, UK: Oxbow Books, 2008) pp. 28-9.
p. 95: “The terpinoids”: Ibid., p. 195.
p. 95: “Excavations at Krania”: Evi Margaritis. “The Kapeleio at Hellenistic Krania: Food Consumption, Disposal, and the Use of Space.” Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, vol. 83, no. 1, 2014, pp. 103–21. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2972/hesperia.83.1.0103 (accessed March 13, 2024).
Linden
p. 98: “Either Kronos”: https://www.theoi.com/Nymphe/NymphePhilyre.html (accessed September 4, 2023).
p. 98: “or Zeus”: Hyginus, Fabulae 138, translated by Grant, https://topostext.org/work/206 (accessed September 13, 2023).
p. 99: Herodotus describes how the Enarei”: The Landmark Herodotus, ed. Robert B. Strassler, 4.67, pp. 308-9.
Moly
p. 101: “Here, take this antidote”: Homer, Odyssey, translated by Emily Wilson (NYC: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2018), 10.286-306, pp.268-9.
p. 103: “They say that this plant”: Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants II, 9.15.7, p. 295.
p. 103: “to clear poisons”: Dioscorides, “2-194,” De Materia Medica, p. 324.
p. 103: “Pliny the Elder states”: Pliny the Elder, Natural History, 25.67. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D25%3Achapter%3D67 (accessed March 7, 2024).
p. 103: “wards off mischief”: Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants II, 7.13.4, p. 129.
p. 103: “summon priestesses”: Theophrastus, Characters, “XVI Superstitiousness,” translated by J.M. Edmonds (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1929) p. 83.
p. 104: “white as milk”: Homer, The Odyssey, translated by Fagles, 10.338, p. 240.